The “Crisis Cult” as a Voluntary Association: An Interactional Approach to Alcoholics Anonymous,
Sadler
P, Human
Organization, Vol. 38(2), 207-219, Summer, 1977
“In
a recent paper Madsen (1974) has indicated that the "crisis
cult” concept is useful for understanding some aspects of
Alcoholics Anonymous (hereafter, AA). "Crisis cult"
typically is used in a specialized way in the anthropological
literature, and Madsen demonstrates an awareness of this usage,
defining crisis cults as spiritually toned movements, frequently the
"last desperate effort by conquered aborigines to negate the
destructive power of their conquerors"(1974:27).
It
is my contention that Madsen's reference to AA as a crisis cult
constitutes the overextension of a useful term. The purpose of this
article is to point out limitations of the crisis cult approach and
to suggest a broader anthropological perspective for the study of AA.
The scheme that will be developed is an interactional one which is
well suited for understanding AA
as a voluntary association.
Although
Madsen gives an excellent account of some aspects of AA, he does not
develop support for his usage of the crisis cult label. Thus he
appears to use the term as an attention-getting device rather than as
a scholarly assessment.”
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